In web design, fixed positioning refers to a CSS layout property that allows an element to be positioned relative to the viewport, or the browser window, rather than to the surrounding content. Fixed positioning can be used for various purposes, such as creating persistent navigation bars, headers, or footers, that remain visible even when the user scrolls the page. Fixed positioning can be implemented using the position: fixed CSS property, and can be combined with other CSS properties, such as top, bottom, left, or right, to specify the exact position of the element. However, fixed positioning can also have various drawbacks, such as poor accessibility, poor responsiveness, or poor compatibility with older browsers, and can be used judiciously and with consideration for the overall user experience.